iOS之WiFi相关功能总结

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iOS 开发中难免会遇到很多与网络方面的判断，这里做个汇总，大多可能是与WiFi相关的。

1.Ping域名、Ping某IP

有时候可能会遇到ping 某个域名或者ip通不通，再做下一步操作。这里的ping与传统的做get或者post请求还是有很大区别的。比如我们连接了某个WiFi，测试ping www.baidu.com，如果能ping 通，基本可以断定可以上网了，但是如果我们做了一个get 请求（url 是www.baidu.com）,路由器可能重定向这个WiFi内的某网页了，依然没有错误返回，就会误认为可以正常上网。

这里有关于ping命令的详细解释：百度百科ping

iOS中想要ping域名或者ip，苹果提供了一个官方例子:SimplePing

在例子中，有一个苹果已经封装过的类【SimplePing.h】和【SimplePing.m】

使用起来也相当的简单：

a.首先创建一个Ping对象：

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SimplePing *pinger = [[SimplePing alloc] initWithHostName:self.hostName];

self.pinger = pinger;

pinger.delegate = self;

pinger.addressStyle = SimplePingAddressStyleICMPv4;

[pinger start];

b.然后在start成功的代理方法中，发送数据报文：

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/**
*  start成功，也就是准备工作做完后的回调
*/
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didStartWithAddress:(NSData *)address{

// 发送测试报文数据
[self.pinger sendPingWithData:nil];
}

- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{

NSLog(@"didFailWithError");
[self.pinger stop];
}

c.其他几个代理方法也非常简单，就简单记录一下:

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// 发送测试报文成功的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber{

NSLog(@"#%u sent", sequenceNumber);
}

//发送测试报文失败的回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailToSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber error:(NSError *)error{

NSLog(@"#%u send failed: %@", sequenceNumber, error);
}

// 接收到ping的地址所返回的数据报文回调方法
- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceivePingResponsePacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber{

NSLog(@"#%u received, size=%zu", sequenceNumber, packet.length);
}

- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceiveUnexpectedPacket:(NSData *)packet{

NSLog(@"#%s",__func__);
}

*********注意点：

iOS 中 ping失败后（即发送测试报文成功后，一直没后收到响应的报文）,不会有任何回调方法告知我们。而一般ping 一次的结果也不太准确，ping 花费的时间也非常短，所以我们一般会ping多次，发送一次ping 测试报文0.5s后检测一下这一次ping是否已经收到响应。0.5s后检测时，如果已经收到响应，则可以ping 通；如果没有收到响应，则视为超时。

做法也有很多种，可以用NSTimer或者 {- (void)performSelector: withObject:afterDelay:}

这里有一个别人写的工程：https://github.com/lovesunstar/STPingTest

PingTest效果图

终端ping效果图

2.获取WiFi信息

以前物联网刚火的时候，出现过很多一体式无线路由，所以App里难免会遇到要判断当前所连接的WiFi，以及获取WiFi信息的功能。

需要导入import SystemConfiguration.CaptiveNetwork

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//获取WiFi 信息，返回的字典中包含了WiFi的名称、路由器的Mac地址、还有一个Data(转换成字符串打印出来是wifi名称)
- (NSDictionary *)fetchSSIDInfo {

NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();

if (!ifs) {

return nil;

}

NSDictionary *info = nil;

for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {

info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);

if (info && [info count]) { break; }

}

return info;

}

//打印出来的结果：

2017-03-02 15:28:51.674 SimplePing[18883:6790207] WIFI_INFO:{

BSSID = "a4:2b:8c:c:7f:bd";

SSID = bdmy06;

SSIDDATA = ;

}

3.获取WiFi名称

有了上一步，获取WiFi名称就非常简单了。

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NSString *WiFiName = info[@"SSID"];

//打印结果：

2017-03-02 15:35:13.059 SimplePing[18887:6791418] bdmy06

完整的：

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- (NSString *)fetchWiFiName {

NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();

if (!ifs) {

return nil;

}

NSString *WiFiName = nil;

for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {

NSDictionary *info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);

if (info && [info count]) {

// 这里其实对应的有三个key:kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeyBSSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeySSIDData，

// 不过它们都是CFStringRef类型的

WiFiName = [info objectForKey:(__bridge NSString *)kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID];

//            WiFiName = [info objectForKey:@"SSID"];

break;

}

}

return WiFiName;

}

4.获取当前所连接WiFi的网关地址

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- (NSString *)getGatewayIpForCurrentWiFi {

NSString *address = @"error";

struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;

struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;

int success = 0;

// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success

success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);

if (success == 0) {

// Loop through linked list of interfaces

temp_addr = interfaces;

//*/

while(temp_addr != NULL) {

/*/

int i=255;

while((i--)>0)

//*/

if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {

// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone

if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"])

{

// Get NSString from C String //ifa_addr

//ifa->ifa_dstaddr is the broadcast address, which explains the "255's"

//                    address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];

address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];

//routerIP----192.168.1.255 广播地址

NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)]);

//--192.168.1.106 本机地址

NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)]);

//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址

NSLog(@"netmask--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)]);

//--en0 端口地址

NSLog(@"interface--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name]);

}

}

temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;

}

}

// Free memory

freeifaddrs(interfaces);

in_addr_t i = inet_addr([address cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);

in_addr_t* x = &i;

unsigned char *s = getdefaultgateway(x);

NSString *ip=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.%d.%d.%d",s[0],s[1],s[2],s[3]];

free(s);

return ip;

}

5.获取本机在WiFi环境下的IP地址

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- (NSString *)getLocalIPAddressForCurrentWiFi

{

NSString *address = nil;

struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;

struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;

int success = 0;

// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success

success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);

if (success == 0) {

// Loop through linked list of interfaces

temp_addr = interfaces;

while(temp_addr != NULL) {

if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {

// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone

if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {

address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];

return address;

}

}

temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;

}

freeifaddrs(interfaces);

}

return nil;

}

6.获取广播地址、子网掩码、端口等

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- (NSMutableDictionary *)getLocalInfoForCurrentWiFi {

NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;

struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;

int success = 0;

// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success

success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);

if (success == 0) {

// Loop through linked list of interfaces

temp_addr = interfaces;

//*/

while(temp_addr != NULL) {

if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {

// Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone

if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {

//----192.168.1.255 广播地址

NSString *broadcast = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];

if (broadcast) {

[dict setObject:broadcast forKey:@"broadcast"];

}

NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",broadcast);

//--192.168.1.106 本机地址

NSString *localIp = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];

if (localIp) {

[dict setObject:localIp forKey:@"localIp"];

}

NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",localIp);

//--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址

NSString *netmask = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)];

if (netmask) {

[dict setObject:netmask forKey:@"netmask"];

}

NSLog(@"netmask--%@",netmask);

//--en0 端口地址

NSString *interface = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name];

if (interface) {

[dict setObject:interface forKey:@"interface"];

}

NSLog(@"interface--%@",interface);

return dict;

}

}

temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;

}

}

// Free memory

freeifaddrs(interfaces);

return dict;

}

打印结果：

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2017-03-02 17:59:09.257 SimplePing[19141:6830567] wifi:{

broadcast = "192.168.1.255";

interface = en0;

localIp = "192.168.1.7";

netmask = "255.255.255.0";

}
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